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The Kwelera estuary
(32°55' S;
28°5' E)
is situated north of the coastal city of East London in the Eastern Cape. The river is approximately 86 km long with a catchment area of 418 sq. km. Approximately 11% of the Kwelera catchment comprised agriculture. This mainly consisted of a mixture of temporary commercial irrigated agriculture, temporary commercial dryland agriculture, subsistence farming, permanent commercial dryland agriculture, commercial forestry and some improved grasslands. Roughly 5% of the catchment was degraded, comprising mainly degraded grassland and bushland. A high proportion of the catchment was natural (83%) and comprised bushland and grassland. There was little urban development in the Kwelera catchment (less than 1%) and this mainly consisted of residential development.
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